A country located in northwestern Africa. The national name originated from Mouretania, the genus of the Roman Empire. During the Cold War, it was also called Mauritania, an English notation, in Korea. The capital city is Nouakchott. The land area is 1,037,000, and the population is about 4.77 million, which is smaller than that of the country. The capital city, Nuakshott, is a planned city built on the sand and is said to mean “a place with strong winds.” The population of Nuakshott is 1.31 million, with about a quarter of the people living here.
Overview of Moritori Nature.
The topography is very monotonous and flat with few mountains. The highest peak, Kadiet El Zilicate, is less than 1,000m. Since most of the land consists of the Sahara Desert and the El Djouf Desert, farming is almost impossible, and there are no industrial facilities, so it is poor. Agriculture was possible in the southern Senegal River basin, but even this is a serious desertification phenomenon in the Sahel area, and agricultural land is gradually decreasing. A considerable amount of iron is produced, and oil was discovered in 2001.
Mauritani has four climate zones because of its wide land. The hot and dry Sahara climate zone accounts for more than half of the country and is an area with less than 150mm of precipitation. In winter, it rises to 13°C during the day and then falls to 0°C at night, and in summer, it rises to 45°C during the day and then falls to 30°C at night. Harmatan blows throughout the year, and among the Sahara Deserts, the sandy desert spreads widely. And vegetation is the desire. The coastal climate zone includes the capital city of Nuakshott, and the climate is very strong, ranging from 20℃ to 30℃ throughout the year, but it is not as cold or hot as expected. Precipitation is small and usually falls intensively for a month or two.
And there are many sand dunes here, too. The Sahel Climate Zone was located in the Isahel region of Kumbisaledo, the capital of the Ghanaian Empire, in the southeastern inland region. Of course, there is a craze here, but there is still a lot of rain, and the daily temperature range is large, but less than the Sahara Desert. The Senegal River climate zone is the only region in Mauritania that has no sand dunes. In addition, precipitation is about 600mm, and the annual temperature difference is not very large, but this climate district continues to decrease due to desertification.
Under these circumstances, in the case of traditional mobile houses, holes of about 15 to 20cm are dug into the ground and several pillars are inserted into the ground to cover the tent, and at this time, water is poured into the holes to crush them. That way, the hole will be crushed and the pillar will not collapse.
Moritori history.
Ancient Mauritania was a place where grasslands where hippos, African elephants, and rhinos lived spread out. However, with the expansion of the Sahara Desert, Mauritania became barren. After a long time, northern Mauritania began to live with the Werberians dragging camels in. Meanwhile, in this area, the Bappur people, the ancestor of the Soningke people living in Mali, also lived, but due to the migration of the Werberians, they went south. In 1076, the Murabit dynasty attacked and conquered the Ghanaian Empire in southeastern Mauritania and Mali, and later Islamization by Arabs proceeded.
In Mauritania in the 17th century, Werberin’s resistance to rule over the Arab Markils arose. Nasrutdin, who led the Werberians, declared that Arabs were not right Muslims because they mingle with musicians and sorcerers, claiming that he was Mahdi, the leader who arrived ahead of Judgment Day. Nasrutdin’s herd succeeded in dominating Mauritania in 1673, but a year later Nasrutdin was killed and again ruled by the Arabs in 1677. Since 1814, France has begun to advance to the coastline here. In 1901, Gzavier Copolani colonized Traja, Brakna, and Tagant from 1903 to 1904, despite the resistance of the Zawiya or nomadic people from descending mountains. However, Adrar in the north lasted a little longer and resistance was centered on Shaikh Maal Aynine and others. It was militarily suppressed in 1912, and by 1920, the area was incorporated into French West Africa.
Even after French rule, people in the region remained nomadic, but the number of settlers began to increase. When he became independent in 1960, the capital city of Nuakshott was only a small village. France has not found iron, the region’s most important resource. After independence from France in 1960, the Islamic Republic was established. In the 1970s, it tried to expand its territory by dividing Morocco and the West Sahara territory into north and south over the Spanish colony, but due to its poor economic and military power, it gave up control in 1979 and admitted that Morocco occupied the rest of the country. It also confronted Algeria over this issue, and in the 1970s, it increased its military force from 1,800 to 17,000 after being greatly damaged by the attack of Polisario. Later, Mauritani approved West Sahara as an independent state in 1984.
After independence, dictator Moktar Uldada merged the ruling party with the opposition party on the pretext of not preparing for a Western-style multi-party democracy. Uldada revised the Constitution and was elected in consecutive elections in 1966, 1971, and 1976. However, he was eventually deported to a coup on July 10, 1978 due to a series of economic failures and crushing defeats in the West Sahara.
Throughout the 1980s and 1990s, confrontations between the Moors and blacks continued. In the 1980s, 70,000 blacks were deported to the south, and in 1989, they had a border dispute with Senegal. There was also a Van Moritani riot in Senegal in the south. The Moors of Mauritania committed atrocities attacking black people from Senegal or Mauritania. In 1992, Mauritania was democratized. However, the military dictatorship continued until the mid-2000s, followed by a coup in 2005, and Sidi Muhammad Uld Sheikh Abdallahi became president in a democratic election. However, when he resumed dialogue with Islamic rebels in Korea, Muhammad Ulde Abdelaziz launched a 2008 coup. In 2009, Ulde Abdelaziz was elected president with economic reconstruction as a pledge. Since then, he has served as chairman of the African Union from 2014 to 2015. Ulde Abdel Aziz is famous for his disciplinary action. On August 5, 2017, a referendum on the amendment of the Constitution was held to change the two houses into a single unit system and change the national flag, and it was passed with more than 85% approval.
Moritori society.
In terms of religion, it is very closed, so Islam is strictly prohibited from converting to other religions, and Christian missionaries are also sentenced to death if they refuse to convert to Islam again.However, most Islamic countries hate and prohibit Christian missions. Of course, this does not seem to apply to black slaves who believe in indigenous beliefs. Slavery still remains strong, making it a social problem. Officially, there is no slave system in the country, but about 150,000 people are said to be slave, and unofficially, about 600,000 people, or 20% of the total population, are estimated to be actually slaves. Most of the slaves are said to be black, not Muslim.
Eventually, the Anti-Slavery Act was enacted and passed in 2007, but the public’s perception is a problem because it is taken for granted. It is also justified by religion that slaves believe that obeying their owners is obeying Allah and that it is the way to go to heaven. In addition, it is said that only one person has been indicted under this law so far because most of the land is an isolated desert area and the government’s administrative power falls short of it. In this country, slavery was abolished not until 1981, the latest in the world, and it was only in 2007 that the act of slaving became a crime.
Eventually, on October 16, 2013, he became the world’s No. 1 slave country with an out of 100 score of 97.90 in the “World Slave Index” released by Australian human rights organizations. Haiti, ranked second, scored 52.26 points, 45.64 points different from the next rank. It is said that 150,000 people, 4.1% of the country’s total population of about 3.8 million by 2013, are being inherited from slave status to status. Moritani is the only Arab federation country in the top 20 of the index, although it blamed religion. In other sites, although not as overwhelming as above, it ranked first with 66.41 points, higher than Haiti with 66.08 points.
Since then, as described below, rather than global interest and the official abolition of slaves by the Moritani government, the number of slaves has fallen to sixth place in the world with 90,000 and 62 points on the global slave index site’s 2018 report. For reference, North Korea topped the list with an estimated 2.64 million people and 73.3 points in the slave index.
Above all, the government is a big problem, but it has no intention of cracking down on banning slaves only with its mouth. In particular, it severely suppresses activists who take the lead in abolishing their own slavery. In 2015, when three slave abolition activists were sentenced to two years in prison by a court in Mauritania, dozens of angry supporters attacked the court building, breaking windows of police transport vehicles.
Security is rather safe. The coup is completely over, and even in Nuakshort, the Seonuakshort side is quite safe. The level of security in Niger in the past. However, be careful because there are frequent weapon accidents at Nuakshott Beach. If you’re going to the beach, let’s go to Noadiv. However, the starting point of the Noadiv Peninsula is very dangerous, and a book written in 2007 by a traveler specializing in Africa said that many African countries persist in recycling cars, so I was surprised that Morocco and its borders were full of scrapped cars.