It is a country that is bent in an inverted L-shape in western Africa, and the Naizhou River, which penetrates the country from east to west, is the lifeline of this country. The Niger River also provides national names to two countries in the area, Niger, who is independent from French colonies, and Nigeria, who is independent from British colonies. The .ml domain of this country can be obtained free of charge from FreeNom.
Overview of Mali.
Selected by Discovery Channel, it is a country with Genne Mosque, one of the world’s most beautiful and historic 10 mosques. It is a place where three-stage travel warnings (withdrawal recommendations) have been issued throughout the region due to frequent incidents such as terrorism against the Malian government and UN peacekeeping forces and kidnapping of travelers. On August 19, 2020, the 2020 Mali coup broke out, and the president resigned and the parliament was dissolved.
Mali nature.
The northern part of the country has the Sahara Desert and the southern part is the Savannah, but it is in crisis because it is actually becoming desert. This is one of the representative countries in the Sahel area. Taudeny, famous for its salt mines in the northern region, is a typical desert climate with an average temperature of 18.0℃ in January and 38.7℃ in July annual precipitation of 1mm, and Timbuktu in the central region has an average temperature of 21.5℃ in January and 34.4℃ in June, so it is more pleasant than Taudeny. Bamako, the southern capital, has a tropical savanna climate, rising to 24.5℃ in January and 31.5℃ in May, and the average temperature in August during the rainy season is 26.5℃, which is exactly the summer weather in Korea. The annual precipitation of Bamako is a little over 1,000mm, but the southern region is also drying up due to desertification.
Unlike neighboring countries in the east, west, north, and south, natural resources are somewhat poor, so the economy is mainly dependent on agriculture. However, it has been famous for gold and salt since ancient times, and is still one of the world’s major gold and salt production areas. It is said that there is gold and salt, but the economic condition is not good due to the terrible gap between the rich and the poor. Meanwhile, the Nizer River (Niger River) flows from the southwest to the central part of the country, and civilization flourished around it. Since it is an inland country, it has close cooperation with Senegal, Guinea, and C디te d’Ivoire, which are countries that provide ports to the sea.
History of Mali.
Hundreds of years ago, it was a rich country that was really popular, but now it has many social problems such as poverty and civil war, as in any African country. In the early 2010s, democracy was the most developed and security was relatively stable country in Africa, and the Tuaregs were poor, followed by a coup, making it just a hellgate.
The Mali Civil War, triggered by the demands of the Tuareggs for separate independence, escalated into a dispute between the government, Islamic rebels, and the Tuareggs, involving external extreme Islamic rebels. In January 2013, President Mali declared a state of emergency and declared war against Islamic rebels who occupied the north. The Mali government also asked the French government for military intervention, and France sent troops. # The ancient Timbuktu, which was occupied by rebels by the civil war in Mali, suffered cultural damage that was difficult to recover from. In December 2020, three French soldiers on duty in Mali were killed in explosives, and 47 French soldiers have been killed in the area since 2013.
Mali residents and languages.
The world’s third-largest fertility rate. The figures vary slightly from statistics to statistics, with 6.2 as of 2016 World Bank. 48% of the Mali population in 2007 being children. Infant mortality reached 10.6%, but the population is growing rapidly. The population was 11,956,788 in 2004, but increased to 1,451,176 in 2009. It recently surpassed 20 million people. The illiteracy rate was 46.4% in 2003, but has continued to decline since then, and is now estimated to be around 30%.
More than half of the population is of the Mande community. Bambarine (36.5%), who has a high social class, and Sonningke, who founded Ghana, are often classified together. It is followed by the Pula (17%). Voltines, including the Bobo and Senupo, account for 12% of the population, the Tuareg accounts for about 10%, the Songgai also accounts for about 5%, and the Dogon, Moore, Mandinka, and Mosi live there. Traditionally, the Tuareggs, the Fullas, and the Moors were nomads, while the Mandeans, the Bojos, were fishermen, and the rest of the people were engaged in agriculture. Only about 30% of the population understands French as the official language and usually communicates with other ethnic groups in Bambara. In addition, Pula, Songa, Tuaregg, Dogon, and ramie are also used. Also, Hassaniya is used. Bambara, a local traditional language, is usually written in alphabets or is sometimes written in Eungko.
Malian religion.
90% of the population believes in Islam. Still, religious freedom is preserved, and some people believe in Christianity and indigenous beliefs. However, it is said that there are few atheists. Islam in Mali is moderate, tolerant, and well harmonized with local culture. Also, Islam in Mali was influenced by Supism and was influenced by indigenous beliefs. According to a 2008 Freedom House survey, it is the only country in Africa that has been classified as a “free country” except for island countries and Ghana. However, in 2013, the classification was rapidly moved to an “unfree country” due to the civil war, but in 2014, it was changed to a “partially free country” classification.
It is also widely known for the religious traditions of the Dogons, a minority ethnic group living in Mali’s plateau area, dances wearing masks, wooden sculptures, and architecture. Christmas is a public holiday even though the Muslim population in Mali exceeds 90%.(This is not strange because in Islam, Jesus is recognized as one of the outstanding prophets before Muhammad, if not the son of God.)
Touring in Mali.
Korean citizens can obtain a prior visa. The entire area of Mali is designated as a withdrawal recommendation area, which is the third stage of the travel warning. At least in the southern regions, including Bamako, it is very dangerous to travel to less dangerous areas in Mali or to the northern part of Mobti, including Timbuktu and Gao. This area was formerly the territory of Azawad, and there was a dispute with the Tuaregs, and now it is still dangerous even though it is under the control of the Mali government. The Zen Mosque, which was selected as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is famous.